* {
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
        box-sizing: border-box;
      }

      :root {
        --topbar-height: 220px;
        --bg: #edf1f7;
        --surface: #ffffff;
        --surface-soft: #f6f8fc;
        --text: #1f2937;
        --muted: #4b5563;
        --brand: #0f3d68;
        --brand-strong: #0a2d4d;
        --accent: #1f7a8c;
        --line: #d9e2ef;
        --shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(15, 32, 56, 0.08);
      }

      html {
        scroll-padding-top: calc(var(--topbar-height) + 18px);
      }

      body {
        font-family: "Source Sans 3", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
        line-height: 1.65;
        color: var(--text);
        background:
          radial-gradient(
            circle at 12% -8%,
            rgba(31, 122, 140, 0.13),
            transparent 45%
          ),
          radial-gradient(
            circle at 92% 0%,
            rgba(15, 61, 104, 0.14),
            transparent 42%
          ),
          var(--bg);
      }

      .topbar {
        position: sticky;
        top: 0;
        z-index: 1000;
        background: rgba(248, 251, 255, 0.9);
        backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
        box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(15, 32, 56, 0.07);
      }

      header {
        background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--brand-strong), var(--accent));
        padding: 2.5rem 2rem;
      }

      .header-content {
        max-width: 1160px;
        margin: 0 auto;
        display: flex;
        justify-content: space-between;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 2rem;
      }

      .identity {
        flex: 1;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 1.5rem;
      }

      .logo-container {
        flex-shrink: 0;
      }

      .logo-container img {
        width: 140px;
        height: 160px;
        border-radius: 8px;
        border: 4px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
        box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
        transition: transform 0.3s ease;
        background: white;
        object-fit: cover;
      }

      .logo-container img:hover {
        transform: scale(1.05);
      }

      .identity-text {
        flex: 1;
        color: white;
        text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
      }

      .eyebrow {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        letter-spacing: 0.08em;
        text-transform: uppercase;
        color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
        font-weight: 700;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
      }

      h1 {
        font-family: "Fraunces", Georgia, serif;
        font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.4vw, 2.8rem);
        line-height: 1.15;
        color: white;
        margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
      }

      .subtitle {
        color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
        font-size: 1.1rem;
        line-height: 1.4;
      }

      .research-tags {
        display: flex;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        gap: 0.5rem;
        margin-top: 0.9rem;
      }

      .research-tags span {
        border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
        color: white;
        border-radius: 999px;
        padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
        font-weight: 600;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
      }

      .header-right {
        flex-shrink: 0;
      }

      .contact-links {
        display: flex;
        gap: 0.6rem;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        justify-content: flex-end;
      }

      .contact-links a {
        color: white;
        text-decoration: none;
        padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
        border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
        border-radius: 8px;
        transition: all 0.2s ease;
        font-weight: 600;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
        backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
      }

      .contact-links a:hover {
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
        border-color: white;
        transform: translateY(-1px);
      }

      nav {
        background: var(--surface);
        border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
      }

      nav ul {
        max-width: 1160px;
        margin: 0 auto;
        list-style: none;
        display: flex;
        gap: 0.35rem;
        padding: 0.45rem 1.2rem;
        overflow-x: auto;
        scrollbar-width: thin;
      }

      nav a {
        display: block;
        white-space: nowrap;
        padding: 0.62rem 0.85rem;
        text-decoration: none;
        color: #465569;
        border-radius: 9px;
        border: 1px solid transparent;
        font-weight: 600;
        transition: all 0.22s ease;
      }

      nav a:hover,
      nav a.active {
        color: var(--brand-strong);
        border-color: rgba(15, 61, 104, 0.22);
        background: rgba(15, 61, 104, 0.09);
      }

      main {
        max-width: 1160px;
        margin: 2rem auto;
        padding: 0 1.2rem;
      }

      section {
        background: var(--surface);
        padding: clamp(1.3rem, 2.3vw, 2rem);
        margin-bottom: 1.4rem;
        border-radius: 14px;
        border: 1px solid var(--line);
        box-shadow: var(--shadow);
        display: none;
      }

      section.active {
        display: block;
        animation: sectionIn 260ms ease-out;
      }

      /* Two-column layout for About section */
      #about.active {
        display: block;
      }

      .about-columns {
        display: flex;
        gap: 2.5rem;
        align-items: flex-start;
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
      }

      .about-text {
        flex: 1;
      }

      .about-visual {
        flex: 1;
      }

      .about-full-width {
        width: 100%;
      }

      .about-visual img {
        width: 100%;
        height: auto;
        border-radius: 8px;
        box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(15, 32, 56, 0.15);
      }

      /* Carousel in About section */
      .about-carousel {
        position: relative;
        width: 100%;
        overflow: hidden;
        border-radius: 8px;
        background: #f8f9fa;
        box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(15, 32, 56, 0.15);
        /* 16:9 aspect ratio */
        aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
      }

      .about-carousel-inner {
        display: flex;
        height: 100%;
        transition: transform 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
      }

      .about-carousel-item {
        min-width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        position: relative;
      }

      .about-carousel-item img {
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        display: block;
        object-fit: cover;
      }

      .carousel-controls {
        display: flex;
        justify-content: center;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 0.6rem;
        margin-top: 1rem;
      }

      .carousel-btn {
        background: var(--brand);
        color: white;
        border: none;
        padding: 0.4rem 0.9rem;
        border-radius: 6px;
        cursor: pointer;
        font-weight: 600;
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        transition: all 0.2s ease;
      }

      .carousel-btn:hover {
        background: var(--brand-strong);
        transform: translateY(-1px);
      }

      .carousel-indicators {
        display: flex;
        gap: 0.4rem;
      }

      .carousel-indicator {
        width: 8px;
        height: 8px;
        border-radius: 50%;
        background: rgba(15, 61, 104, 0.3);
        border: none;
        cursor: pointer;
        transition: all 0.3s ease;
      }

      .carousel-indicator.active {
        background: var(--brand);
        width: 24px;
        border-radius: 4px;
      }

      @keyframes sectionIn {
        from {
          opacity: 0;
          transform: translateY(9px);
        }
        to {
          opacity: 1;
          transform: translateY(0);
        }
      }

      h2 {
        font-family: "Fraunces", Georgia, serif;
        font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 2.3vw, 2rem);
        margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
        color: var(--brand-strong);
        border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(31, 122, 140, 0.3);
        padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
      }

      h3 {
        font-family: "Fraunces", Georgia, serif;
        font-size: 1.3rem;
        margin: 1.7rem 0 0.85rem;
        color: #123553;
      }

      .category-header {
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 0.6rem;
        border-left: 4px solid var(--brand);
        padding: 0.3rem 0 0.3rem 0.7rem;
        margin-top: 1.1rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
        background: linear-gradient(
          90deg,
          rgba(15, 61, 104, 0.05),
          rgba(15, 61, 104, 0)
        );
        border-radius: 8px;
        scroll-margin-top: calc(var(--topbar-height) + 4.5rem);
      }

      .category-header h3 {
        font-size: 1rem;
        margin: 0;
      }

      .category-count {
        color: #fff;
        padding: 0.12rem 0.58rem;
        border-radius: 999px;
        font-size: 0.75rem;
        font-weight: 700;
      }

      .publication {
        display: flex;
        gap: 0.9rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.55rem;
        padding: 0.8rem;
        border: 1px solid var(--line);
        border-radius: 12px;
        transition:
          border-color 0.2s ease,
          box-shadow 0.2s ease;
        background: linear-gradient(180deg, #fff, #fcfdff);
      }

      .publication:hover {
        border-color: rgba(31, 122, 140, 0.4);
        box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(15, 32, 56, 0.09);
      }

      .pub-image {
        flex-shrink: 0;
        width: 170px;
        height: 118px;
        background: var(--surface-soft);
        border-radius: 8px;
        overflow: hidden;
        border: 1px solid var(--line);
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
        font-size: 0.84rem;
        color: #8b98ac;
      }

      .pub-image img {
        max-width: 100%;
        max-height: 100%;
        width: auto;
        height: auto;
        object-fit: contain;
        display: block;
      }

      .pub-content {
        flex: 1;
        min-width: 0;
      }

      .pub-citation {
        color: #35495f;
        margin-bottom: 0.45rem;
        line-height: 1.38;
      }

      .pub-links a {
        text-decoration: none;
        margin-left: 0.35em;
        font-size: 0.94em;
        color: var(--brand);
        font-weight: 600;
      }

      .pub-links a:hover {
        color: var(--brand-strong);
        text-decoration: underline;
      }

      .pub-summary {
        color: #4a5f74;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
        line-height: 1.46;
      }

      .pub-note {
        display: inline-block;
        margin-top: 0.35rem;
        padding: 0.28rem 0.62rem;
        background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f59e0b 0%, #d97706 100%);
        color: white;
        font-weight: 700;
        font-size: 0.78rem;
        border-radius: 6px;
        box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.3);
        letter-spacing: 0.01em;
      }

      .bibtex-container {
        display: none;
        margin-top: 0.6rem;
        background: #f8fbff;
        padding: 0.75rem;
        border-radius: 8px;
        border: 1px solid #d7e4f4;
      }

      .bibtex-container.show {
        display: block;
      }

      .bibtex-header {
        display: flex;
        justify-content: space-between;
        align-items: center;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
      }

      .bibtex-code {
        background: white;
        padding: 0.85rem;
        border-radius: 6px;
        overflow-x: auto;
        font-family: "Courier New", monospace;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        white-space: pre-wrap;
        margin: 0;
        border: 1px solid var(--line);
      }

      .btn {
        padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem;
        border: 1px solid #c9d7ea;
        border-radius: 8px;
        cursor: pointer;
        font-size: 0.84rem;
        text-decoration: none;
        display: inline-flex;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 0.5rem;
        transition: all 0.2s ease;
        background: #edf4fd;
        color: #24415f;
      }

      .btn:hover {
        background: #dceaf9;
      }

      .pub-abstract {
        margin-top: 0.3rem;
      }

      .pub-abstract summary {
        cursor: pointer;
        user-select: none;
        color: var(--brand);
        font-weight: 600;
      }

      .pub-abstract summary:hover {
        text-decoration: underline;
      }

      .pub-abstract-body {
        margin-top: 0.35rem;
        color: #4a5f74;
        white-space: pre-wrap;
        overflow-wrap: anywhere;
        word-break: break-word;
        max-width: 900px;
      }

      #talk-map {
        height: 480px;
        margin: 1rem 0;
        border-radius: 12px;
        overflow: hidden;
        border: 1px solid var(--line);
      }

      .talk-item {
        padding: 0.95rem 1rem;
        border-left: 4px solid #1f7a8c;
        margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
        background: #f8fbff;
        border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
      }

      .talk-title {
        font-weight: 700;
        font-size: 1.05rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
        color: #17385a;
      }

      .talk-details {
        color: #4d6278;
        font-size: 0.95rem;
      }

      .markdown-body {
        line-height: 1.75;
        color: #27384b;
      }

      .markdown-body p:first-of-type {
        font-size: 1.09rem;
        color: #314a63;
      }

      .markdown-body h1,
      .markdown-body h2,
      .markdown-body h3 {
        margin-top: 1.35rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.55rem;
      }

      .markdown-body ul {
        margin-left: 1.1rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
      }

      .markdown-body p {
        margin-bottom: 0.7rem;
      }

      .markdown-body a {
        color: var(--brand);
      }

      .markdown-body a:hover {
        color: var(--brand-strong);
      }

      .markdown-body table {
        width: 100%;
        border-collapse: separate;
        border-spacing: 0;
        margin: 0.85rem 0 1.05rem;
        line-height: 1.42;
        background: #fbfdff;
        border: 1px solid var(--line);
        border-radius: 10px;
        overflow: hidden;
      }

      .markdown-body th,
      .markdown-body td {
        padding: 0.42rem 0.86rem;
        vertical-align: top;
        border-bottom: 1px solid #edf2f9;
      }

      .markdown-body tr:last-child td {
        border-bottom: none;
      }

      .markdown-body th:first-child,
      .markdown-body td:first-child {
        width: 145px;
        color: #17385a;
        font-weight: 700;
        white-space: nowrap;
        font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
      }

      footer {
        text-align: center;
        padding: 1.4rem;
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
        color: #5d6d81;
        border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
        margin-top: 1.9rem;
      }

      .pub-header {
        position: sticky;
        top: var(--topbar-height);
        background: var(--surface);
        padding: 0.86rem 0;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
        z-index: 50;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 1.2rem;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
      }

      .pub-header h2 {
        margin: 0;
        color: var(--brand-strong);
        border: none;
        padding: 0;
      }

      .pub-nav {
        display: flex;
        gap: 0.55rem;
        align-items: center;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
      }

      .pub-nav a {
        color: var(--brand);
        text-decoration: none;
        padding: 0.26rem 0.58rem;
        border-radius: 999px;
        transition: background 0.2s ease;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        border: 1px solid #d8e4f2;
        background: #f7fbff;
      }

      .pub-nav a:hover {
        background: #e8f1fb;
      }

      @media (max-width: 920px) {
        :root {
          --topbar-height: 270px;
        }

        header {
          padding: 1.4rem 1.1rem 1.25rem;
        }

        .header-content {
          flex-direction: column;
          align-items: flex-start;
          gap: 1rem;
        }

        .header-right {
          align-items: flex-start;
        }

        .contact-links {
          flex-wrap: wrap;
        }

        .publication {
          flex-direction: column;
        }

        .pub-image {
          width: 100%;
          height: 190px;
        }

        #talk-map {
          height: 390px;
        }
      }

      @media (max-width: 920px) {
        .identity {
          flex-direction: column;
          align-items: flex-start;
          gap: 1rem;
        }

        .logo-container img {
          width: 75px;
          height: 75px;
        }

        .header-content {
          flex-direction: column;
        }

        .header-right {
          align-self: stretch;
        }

        .contact-links {
          justify-content: flex-start;
        }

        header {
          padding: 1.5rem 1rem;
        }

        h1 {
          font-size: 1.8rem;
        }

        .subtitle {
          font-size: 1rem;
        }

        /* Stack about section on smaller screens */
        .about-columns {
          flex-direction: column;
        }

        .about-visual {
          max-width: 500px;
          margin: 0 auto;
        }
      }

      @media (max-width: 620px) {
        main {
          margin: 1.15rem auto;
          padding: 0 0.7rem;
        }

        nav ul {
          padding: 0.42rem 0.55rem;
        }

        .research-tags span {
          font-size: 0.8rem;
        }

        .markdown-body th:first-child,
        .markdown-body td:first-child {
          width: 96px;
        }

      }

      /* Minimalist left border quotes styling */
      #quotes-content {
        line-height: 1.45;
      }

      #quotes-content blockquote {
        background: rgba(15, 61, 104, 0.03);
        border: none;
        border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
        border-radius: 0;
        padding: 0.55rem 0.8rem;
        margin: 0 0 0.4rem 0;
        transition: all 0.2s ease;
      }

      #quotes-content blockquote:hover {
        background: rgba(15, 61, 104, 0.05);
        border-left-color: var(--brand);
      }

      #quotes-content blockquote p {
        margin: 0;
        font-size: 1rem;
        line-height: 1.45;
        color: var(--text);
        font-style: italic;
      }

      #quotes-content blockquote p:last-child {
        margin-top: 0.2rem;
        font-style: normal;
        font-size: 0.86rem;
        color: var(--muted);
        font-weight: 600;
      }

      @media (max-width: 768px) {
        #quotes-content blockquote {
          padding: 0.55rem 0.75rem;
        }

        #quotes-content blockquote p {
          font-size: 0.98rem;
        }
      }